Satirical Mouthpiece in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Typically when you hear â€Å"19th century literature,† you think of the formal and monotonous, yet gramatically and contextually correct writing of authors such as Charles Dickens and Harriet Beecher Stowe; but one author stood out among them and his name was Mark Twain. Twain started a new trend of including new aspects of writing into his pieces such as voice, dialect, and satire. The one particular book written by Mark Twain that is known to be the beginning of American literature called The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, contains all three of these aspects. In the book, Twain uses the main character and narrator, Huck, to utilize his voice, dialect, and satire. Huck serves as a satirical mouthpiece for the author’s attitude by fulfilling his role as the naive narrator. There is a specific passage in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn that accurately portrays the satire that Twain is trying to bestow upon the reader involving a character by the name of Emmeline Grangerford, a sentimental artist. Huck is inspecting the art of Emmeline and expressing his feelings about them in the text. If you read Huck’s explanations without examining the underlying meanings you will find that Huck is completely clueless as to the artists’ sentimental intentions. He evaluates one picture called â€Å"Shall I Never See Thee More Alas† by describing a woman â€Å"under a weeping willow† (Twain 119) in a graveyard, another picture with a woman â€Å"crying into a handkerchief† (Twain 119), and yet another with a crying woman about to jump off a bridge. All three of these illustrations are obvious cliches of sentimental art of the 19th century. Huck looks at the images and simply sees â€Å"nice pictures† (Twain 119), not realizing the intent of the artist, Emmeline. This is an excellent example of Huck’s role as the naive narrator. His lack of understanding provides a completely different take on the art than Mark Twain actually feels. Twain’s main intention of the passage is to poke fun at the sentimentalists’ artwork. He includes Huck’s explanations such as bulges on a dress â€Å"like a cabbage† (Twain 119), and â€Å"black slippers, like a chisel† (Twain 119) to mock the sentimental art which was poplular at the time that he wrote the book. Writing the passage in Huck’s point of view allowed Twain to add satire to the story by making Huck’s comments so cliche and ridiculous that it is obvious that this is not actually the way that Twain feels about the sentimental artwork. This is why the character of Huck, being as clueless as he is in the book, is necessary for him to serve as the author’s satirical mouthpiece. Huckleberry Finn is certainly not the typical narrator of a book. To understand the context of the writing, one must decipher what is actually occuring in the story and what Huck thinks is occuring because of his role as the naive narrator. Although this makes the book more difficult to comprehend, it also makes it more interesting to read and allows the author, Mark Twain, to include such factors of voice, dialect, and satire. The narrator’s conception of the storyline is extremely important to the book. Huck serves as a satirical mouthpiece for the author’s attitude by fulfilling his role as the naive narrator.

Professional Dispositions

Professional dispositions are defined as the values, commitments, and professional ethics that influence behaviors towards students, families, colleagues, and communities and effect student learning, motivation, and development as well as the educators own professional growth. Dispositions are guided by beliefs and attitudes related values such as caring, fairness, honesty, responsibility, and social justice, For example they might include a belief that all students can learn, a vision of high and challenging standards, or a commitment to a safe and supportive learning environment (NCATE, 2002). Research shows that attributes of the classroom teacher significantly affect how well students learn. Recently it has become clear that the quality of the education of our children receive depends directly upon the quality of the education of the teachers in our schools. Parents, teachers, educators, and researchers agree that effective teaching happens when the teachers thoroughly know their subjects, have significant teaching skills and possess dispositions that foster growth and learning in students (USCA). Teaching involves more than effective planning, instructional knowledge, and teaching, skills. Professional dispositions also play a big part in the scenario. Teacher education programs bear a responsibility to convey, model, and promote positive standards of professional conduct. They also should maintain screening assessment procedures to assure that teacher candidates with negative dispositions are not permitted to continue in teacher education programs (NCATE 2006). At the beginning of my clinical experience I choose specific professional dispositions that would be reflected upon during my first four weeks in the classroom. Those dispositions included: 1. Believes that students learn in many different ways . Reacts positively to suggestions and opportunities for growth 3. Socially articulate 4. Attendance/punctuality 5. Equity/Diversity 6. Maintains a nurturing, well managed learning environment 7. Maintains student and professional confidentiality 8. Communicates effectively and clearly with students, parents 9. Reflective and effective student engagement 10. Utilizes sta ndards and curriculum guides to create learning goals Since I have been a Para educator working with special education students for the past three years, many of my chosen dispositions were already in place. Now that I am in my second eight weeks of student teaching I still hold true to the dispositions that I choose in the beginning. The only disposition that I had no knowledge of was number 9-Utilizes standards and curriculum guides to create learning goals. This disposition is one that I learned once I was placed in the classroom with my co-op teacher. There was a variety of exceptionalities in my special education classroom and along with those exceptionalities came different learning skills. Those exceptionalities encompass the disposition that students learn in many different ways. This also hold true in the general classroom. There are visual learners as well as kinesthetic learners. This is why teachers must engage their students in many different ways. In my lessons I use a variety of learning techniques such as journals for those students who like to express themselves through writing, and cooperative learning exercises such as concept mapping. Concept mapping helps students connect terms in the material with the theme in that part of the lesson. Videos are also shown to launch a lesson. This helps the students visualize what will be happening in the lesson. Videos are also helpful to ESL students. Pictures help ESL students connect with the lesson. Student teachers should not take constructive criticism in a negative way. Student teachers should always react positively to suggestions and opportunities for growth. My cooperative teacher’s way of acting with me as a student teacher is the same way that she deals with her students. She takes a very active role in guiding me through the whole teaching experience. One thing that she does is make her own materials used in the classroom unavailable to me. This forces me to use my own materials and come up with my own activities for my lessons. I enjoy putting my own lessons together and coming up with my own activities for the students. She also models a very assertive discipline plan which I do feel is my weakest asset. She also gives me a lot of guidance in design and planning of lessons. For example, she told me to effectively teach fifth grade students I should always chunk the material into sections. By breaking the lesson into pieces students will have an easier time remembering the material being taught. By helping me throughout y teaching experience I have learned to react positively to her suggestions. Student teachers should always be socially articulate when speaking with their co-op teachers, administrations, parents and of course their students. Teachers should be role models for their students and language should be the top of the list of teacher priorities. This disposition is very important to me. I took public speakin g as a class in college and I feel that interpersonal skills are important. There is a precise way of speaking and making sure that prefixes and suffixes are clearly pronounced and articulated. Starting on the first day of student teaching I have always been punctual and my attendance has been pristine. I believe that teachers should always be on time. Whether it is for staff meeting or to start the day in their own classroom, students should never walk into a classroom in the morning without the supervision of a teacher. The teacher should always be standing in the doorway ready to greet his or her students to the start of a new day. Teachers should also treat all students fair and should not show partiality to any student in his or her classroom. As the student population in most American classrooms becomes increasingly diverse, teachers should develop a curriculum that meets the needs of all students. Teachers should prepare meaningful engaging lessons for all students regardless of their ethnic or religious background. Maintaining a nurturing, well managed learning environment is crucial to effective classroom management. At the beginning of the school year teachers must establish expectations for student behavior. These expectations should be clearly written in the classroom and should be visible for all students to see. The fifth grade classroom where I am doing my student teaching has a few students that like to challenge the authority of the teacher when it comes to giving an assignment. My co-op teacher has taught me to let the student know that we have thought about the issue, and they will also understand soon why the assignment is valuable to their learning. Teachers also have a responsibility to maintain student confidentiality. This could be as simple as not sharing grades with other students and also not displaying student’s grades. Teachers also should not share information about students with parents through email or by leaving messages on an answering machine. When kids come from divided families, one parent may not have the right to see or hear any information about the child. As a Para-educator I have come across parents in the grocery store who ask me specific questions about their child. I must politely tell them that they must ask their child’s teacher about such information. Teachers should always communicate effectively with students. Teachers should make eye contact when a student is speaking. This tells the student that you are really listening to what they have to say. In the fifth grade classroom I hear student speak a lot of slang. I do not converse with them in this language but I do let them speak as long as their language is appropriate. Teachers should also let their students speak. If a student is trying to tell you something, give him or her opportunity to finish the sentence before jumping in. It is very impolite to interrupt. Some students will ask me if they can speak to me in the hall. If a student is confiding in me I will listen and will not judge them. When planning lessons for the classroom I make sure that my lesson always has an activity. Student engagement is very important for learning. Students in my fifth grade classroom are always actively engaged in lessons through reading, working on interactive whiteboards or doing some type of research in the computer lab. Teachers may prepare flipcharts from Promethean Planet in many different subjects including spelling, language arts and reading vocabulary. Students also interact with each other through collaboration in study groups. Students who are engaged during the lesson have less of a chance for negative behavior. Finally before planning lessons I always check the grade level expectations for that particular lesson. Following grade level expectations is imperative to student learning and success, and what all students should know or be able to do by the end of each grade. Students should be able to achieve these expectations if teachers are fully prepared and committed to following the lesson. Teachers play many roles in the classroom from facilitating education to being a positive role model. I want to be the teacher that my students remember. I want to change lives.

Contrasting Differences Between “the Cooperative” and “Hsbc Plc”

The purpose of this essay is to explain and analyze contrasting differences between â€Å"The Cooperative† and â€Å"HSBC plc†, and to explain its stakeholders. At the end I will explain and evaluate their mission aims, objectives and impact of their companies. The simplest form of ownership and possibly the most common too, is sole-trading, which is owned by one individual. Possibly this individual opened his company by using his savings or quite commonly by means of a bank loan. He is capable of running every aspect of his business and is solely responsible for is business.Most multinationals generating billions of pounds per year of our days started as sole-trading companies. Partnerships are the next evolutionary step. They are owned by two or more individuals, usually specialists who join venture. As sole-trading all parties contribute privately towards the business’ capital through savings or bank loans, usually profits are shared depending on how much capi tal was invested by each party. There can be partners who usually do not take part in the running of the company called sleeping or dormant partners they mainly invest and share the profits.Private Limited Companies (Ltd) are companies whose ownership is divided into equal parts called shares, who own these shares in turn are called shareholder, only by consent of all shareholders can shares be sold to a particular buyer and usually who owns more shares ultimately has majority of the decision making. This type of company is considered to be an entity of its own, the owners only run it. Public Limited Companies (Plc) follow the same principle has Ltd companies but they must first of all, raise sufficient capital, minimum of ? 50,000. 0 by selling its shares in the stock market . A minimum of two directors, two members and a qualified secretary are needed to trade as a Plc and its directors must provide statutory documentation to the companies house. Cooperative Companies are raised t hrough an association between individuals united usually by socio-economical factors. Capital is raised privately and no matter how much one shareholder invests in contrast with others, shareholders he or she has only one vote, meaning this every shareholder has the same power. Democracy is the cornerstone of this type of company.Shared responsibilities towards decision planning policy making and aims of this company are done by every member, capital is owned in common property of the cooperative. Main advantages are equally shared ownership, equally shared profits depending on how much invested social and economic awareness services and products, environmental awareness. Main disadvantages can be financial control, management effectiveness poor planning, `and longer decision making less trust in the cooperative ideology. Franchises are defined as trading under the name of a third party company.The franchiser gives a license to the franchisee to trade under its name. Its main charac teristic is how the business is ran, the franchisee owns and operates the business but the franchiser maintains control over the products or services sold, its marketing, quality and standards of the entire business. The two companies I will talking will be The Cooperative which falls into the cooperative type of company and HSBC Holdings which is under the public limited company category. HSBC Holdings exist to provide financial services worldwide.The Co-operative are democratically run by members to meet their common needs and aspirations Their main reason is not chasing profits like other types of ownership businesses, but the ability to steer their products and services in a more responsible direction. The Cooperative provides food and retail products, financial, funeral care, legal, pharmacy and travel services. HSBC Holdings provide a range of financial services, personal, commercial, corporate investment and private banking customers. The Co-operative is run by over two-and a -half-million of members who share on how the businesses are run.HSBC Holdings is run by a board of directors but the owners are the investors and shareholders who have bought the company’s various types of shares. HSBC Holdings is an entity of its own, meaning it has legal rights and responsibilities and is used in such way to conduct business totally in the interests of its shareholders who invest their capital and the employees who contribute towards the company with their labour. The Co-operative is defined as being an association of individuals who voluntarily unified to meet common cultural, social and economic needs.They come to be a democratically owned and controlled business. Its members have a say in how the business is run, by attending meetings, voting for their representatives, this way members influence policies, both at ethical and operational levels. The level of influence is irrespective of how much a member invests, it can be one pound or one hundred thousa nd pounds. Stakeholders are individuals or groups who contribute voluntarily or involuntarily with their wealth to create profitable businesses. They are the potential beneficiaries or risk bearers of their business.They can be active or non-active representatives members in their companies. Commonly these days stakeholder term is used to represent individuals or organizations who have legitimate interests in projects or entities. The concept of stakeholder can be more widely used to include other forms of individuals or organizations that may not take part in benefit or profit sharing but still have a â€Å"stake in the business involved, this can be employees, pressure groups, customers, suppliers, communities, governmental bodies.HSBC Holdings, and The Co-operative have various types of stakeholders and the ones with a direct influence over the company are the internal stakeholders. In the case of HSBC Holdings these are the owners, board of directors, and employees. In the case of The Co-operative these are the owners, board of directors, employees’ and its members who actively are encouraged by the company to take part in the running of the business. The mportance of stakeholder is to support its organization in achieving its strategic objectives, by interpreting and influencing the external and internal environments and creating positive relationships, the stakeholders through correct management of their expectations and agreed objectives. This management is a process that must be planned and guided by the principles stipulated by the stakeholders. In the case of the Co-operative we can see their entire business in managed in accordance of all their members.Has the business was created to help and support communities all their stakeholders from directors to staff members have the same influence on how the business is run. Most importantly all its shareholders agree the main factor of the company is to provide goods and services at reasonable pric es, ethically viable and do not look for profit margins with the exception to stay in business and grow. HSBC Holdings believe their success is the only outcome required by their shareholders if not their stakeholders would not invest, good employees would not want to work for them and the customers would not want to bank with them.They want to be the largest international financial institution, have a cosmopolitan customer base and to have considerable financial strength. Except for The Co-operative whose stakeholders do not necessarily look for profits, like HSBC Holdings, both cases owners and senior staff look for performance and direct their business according to their aims and objectives they want to get a good return on their investment, non-managerial staff mainly look for quality and security of jobs, good pay of rates, job satisfaction, good benefits promotion prospectus.Their main external stakeholders even if not necessary for this essay I feel it is important to explain their importance too, governments look for low employment risks and ability to gain profits through taxation, trade unions look for working conditions, wages and legal requirements, customers for quality, value and more recently for ethical services or products and local communities who want to be involved in their business and expect job security, expect environmental and social issues best interests to be answered.Both companies have been around for more than a century, both believe their stakeholders internal or external have a fundamental importance in their companies both have different objectives and aims but, similarly both believe in managing their business in a sustainable way and taking responsible attention in their decisions to be successful in the long term. They have taken very different routes simply because the aims and objectives expected by their stakeholders are not just that.Creating aims and objectives is no easy task especially when both terms have vague disti nctions and imprecise definitions. All business has a hierarchy which usually starts from their mission statement to their aims and finally to their objectives. Objectives give the business clear defined targets it is a detailed picture of the business and plans must then be setup to achieve the objective in question, they are stated into measurable targets using â€Å"S. M. A. R. T. † definition-. †-Specific; Measurable; Achievable; Realistic and Time.Objectives can then be considered medium to long term goals required by a business to maintain its path these are the strategic objectives, the day -to-day or short-term objectives are called tactical objectives they help the strategic objectives being accomplished. Aim is the goal or general statement a business wants to achieve. They are important in developing implement and evaluate a business future. Aims are long term plans necessary for a business and where businesses objectives derive.Usually businesses may have se veral aims and objectives, all simply depend of the nature of the business. The most common can be to make profit, survive, expand, break even, improve quality, competitive value, and more recently, more and more business aim to be environmentally friendly. All of these help any business to be able to stay, in business. Objectives and aims provide a clear structure for all of the various activities that an organization carries out.Measuring how well an objective have or not been achieved, managers can make necessary arrangements to their activities to ensure progress and achievements of the stated mission statements, aims and objectives are followed. Aims and objectives within an organization are established at a number of levels from top level corporate objectives, all the way down to team objectives and individual objectives that create a framework for operational activities.An example could be the customer service department of HSBC Holdings which aims to satisfy customers, and t he marketing department which aims to identify customer’s needs. HSBC Holdings mission statement is â€Å"We are the world’s local bank† meaning they want to be the largest international emerging markets bank, widespread international network focus on a unique international customer base and have unquestioned financial strength. To achieve this their aim is to run a sustainable usiness in long terms, to do this they want to give their stakeholders sustainable profits, have and build long-lasting relationships with their customers, value their employee, respecting environmental boundaries and investing in communities. The Co-operative mission statement is â€Å"From community projects to a share of the profits, we’re good for everyone†. They believe in providing ethical services and goods from banking travel, pharmacy, legal services, funeral care, food and on-line shopping only in the United Kingdom.They are a group who base their aims on their eth ical values, influencing this way the way they do business. Their aim in this way is to show good quality products and services do not have to come at the expense of honesty and social responsibility. We can see HSBC Holdings and The Co-operative mission statements, aims and objectives focus their business in maintaining their purpose. Both businesses believe in sustainability of their employees, communities and environmental values but differ on how their profits are shared and who runs the business.The Co-operative by being managed in a democratically way focus its aims and objectives in ethical issues, in the interests of all their internal and external shareholders. HSBC Holdings most important aim and objective are actually to produce profits for their internal shareholders and expanding worldwide.Bibliography: www. hsbc. co. uk -Accessed more than once www. thecooperative. coop -Accessed more than once Tutor Handouts: http://go. guildford. ac. uk/webapps/portal/frameset. jsp? tab_id=_2_1&url=%2Fwebapps%2Fblackboard%2Fexecute%2Flauncher%3Ftype%3DCourse%26id%3D_9140_1%26url%3D

Examine, analyze and explain violent childrens programming from a Research Paper

Examine, analyze and explain violent childrens programming from a content analysis perspective as it relates to network shows su - Research Paper Example The extent of violence and the contexts in which it occurs has been consistently high over the years and has been rising. This essay examines, analyzes, and explains violent children programming from a content analysis perspective as it relates to network shows such as Nick, Disney, and Toon. Continuous watching of television may manipulate viewers' ideas of what the daily world is all about and even induce some violent behaviors in children by changing their general mindset about violence. The media's power to shape perceptions and attitudes is thus questionable. Certain scenes in children programming such as cartoons where animated characters are continuously run over or thrown from the higher grounds but remain dead for a while portrays death as temporary. At times, bullies and violent characters are viewed as heroes thus instilling the mindset in children (Leonard & Christy 78-82). The children’s cartoons are some of the highly violent TV programs that are frequently aired by most TV channels. Unfortunately, the innocence in children is more exposed to violence than the adults by frequent airing of violent scenes in children programs than adult’s programs. Interestingly, the violent acts in the children programs are usually portrayed in a way that authenticates violence by making the actions either funny or acceptable. When either a child or an adult views a violent act, there may be unpleasant effects that may either be long or short term on the viewer (Leonard & Christy 78-82). An exposure to media violence especially to a young child has tremendously strong impact on an individual that may make the child develop very aggressive and violent way of life when he grows up. It is therefore very risky to allow a child to be exposed to such kind of risky media content (Brocato et al. 99-102). The contentious issue is how does the TV violence affect our way of life, attitude and even behaviors yet it is just a matter of just watching a mere materia l. Many grownups are always glued to their TVs in the evening or over the weekends in the name of watching a favorite soap opera. Seemingly, TV programs are one of the worst addictions, which may even literally steal our time and most significantly totally change our mindset irrespective of our age or sex. Most people have postponed doing some very important tasks in the excuse of watching a favorite TV program. It is therefore true that what a person listens to and watches can suddenly change an individual’s style of leaving either regularly or occasionally (Facts for Families, n.p). During the stage of development, children should adopt a way of life that is moral and acceptable to the society by guiding them on what they should watch and listen. What is instilled on a child’s mind while growing can either strengthen or weaken after sometime. An activity or an organ changes its task to adopt to the function that is routinely used as explained in use and reuse theory in biology. This same theory applies to the content of a program watched and the attitude change of the individual because of the program’s content. It is therefore obvious that when children watch violent movies, they will eventually adopt violent behaviors. The ultimate behavior of the child is further strengthened by previous experiences and societal influences (Leonard & Christy 78-82). Disney Films Disney films are several movies released by the Walt

WHY IS IT DIFFICULT (MOST OF THE TIME) FOR PRESIDENTS TO GET CONGRESS Essay

WHY IS IT DIFFICULT (MOST OF THE TIME) FOR PRESIDENTS TO GET CONGRESS TO PASS THEIR DOMESTIC POLICY AGENDA AND WHAT PRESIDENTS DO TO IMPROVE THEIR ODDS OF SUCCESS - Essay Example Presidents are often confronted by the tension of a needed domestic policy change that is tempered with the deliberateness of the US legislative system, and must rely on the traditional impact of the opinion of the American voter. One of the obstacles that impede a President's ability to change domestic policy is the realization that domestic policy must adhere to the principle of 'government by the people'. While this ideal is as valid today as it was two centuries ago, it has been tempered by the influence of lobbyists and special interest groups. While the power of public opinion can speak through the president, "lobbying gives special advantages to vocal vested interests and that negotiations carried on behind closed doors can override the.wishes of the whole community in public decision making" (Public Governance 5). Lobbying can influence key congressional votes that may be required to enact a piece of legislation. While a President has the power to veto unfavorable domestic policy bills, lobbyists have the power to kill legislation that may be favorable to the President before it ever gets out of committee. Special interests have undermined the principle of 'government by the people' and influence pedd ling has presented Presidents with a significant obstacle to their ability to pass domestic legislation. Even without the undue influence of consultants, lobbyists, and campaign donations domestic policy is routinely subjected to an increased scrutiny that is based on ideological concerns. We may hear this characterized as the fight between the left and right, between liberals and conservatives, or the more extreme use of the terms free market and socialism. These opposing philosophical viewpoints have made it difficult to craft legislation that will be favored by one camp, while not being totally unacceptable to the other. Health care has languished in the realm of inaction for decades as the critical need for legislation is outweighed by the fear of creeping socialism. During the early years of the Clinton Presidency, a consensus could not be reached on health care as the support broke along ideological lines and compromise could not be reached. According to Light, "Central to a President's success is conciliation not challenge; cooperation, not conflict" (291). While the details of a health care program can be compromised, ideology does not have the political flexibility that is required to be negotiated. Even conservative European health care policies are typically significantly more liberal than in the US, yet Clinton's relatively conservative health care bill became bogged down on the issue of ideological differences, rather than on the content of the legislation (Starr). Domestic policy is often burdened with ideology as socially progressive Presidents confront the traditional free market forces of the US political system. Presidential domestic policies are by definition grand and ambitious projects that may be impeded simply because of their complexity and cost. These Presidential projects may bear the Presidents name and will become a significant part of the administration's historical legacy. The New Deal could not have been implemented on any

STEEPLE Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

STEEPLE Analysis - Research Paper Example The UK supermarket sector has been controlled by â€Å"Big Four’’ grocery companies like Tesco, Asda, Morrisons and Sainsbury’s (Sanderson, 2007). These companies collectively control 75.4% of the market share as of the year 2012 (Butler, 2012). Tesco has occupied 30.5% in terms of grocery retail in the market, whereas Morrisons has 11.7% followed by Asda with 17.1% and Sainsbury’s with 16.1% (Butler, 2012). As UK supermarket sector is based on both grocery and retail outlets, the rate of sales for both the products base have made certain impacts on the growth of the market scenario. The rate of sales in retails had enlarged by 5.4% in September 2011 as compared to September 2010 (Office for National Statistics, 2011). Non-retailing counters and automotive fuels selling capacities have improved to 15.5 and 2.8 percent respectively from 2010 in the year 2011. The paper intends to discuss on STEEPLE Analysis of the UK supermarket sector and evaluate the fac tors in the market which would impact in the organizations operating in the market. Moreover, the discussion also focuses on the assessment of the HR practices of one of the leading companies in the UK retail market, Tesco. Description of STEEPLE Analysis STEEPLE analysis is an instrumental analysis through which changes in the environment can be determined in correlation to the operations in the business sector. The analysis is based on different factors such as social, technological, political, economic, ethical, legal and environmental which have an impact on the operations of business in the UK supermarket sector. Social Factors In relation to the social factors, it is observed that there is a change in the buying pattern of different materials by the customers which significantly relates to the dimensions of lifestyle changes, alteration in income distribution and changes in living conditions. With the influence of these factors customers in the UK are favouring one-stop shoppi ng of products (Randall & Seth, 2011). A crucial issue in context is that there is a noticeable certain change in terms of social wants with the change in time because increasing number of customers nowadays are desiring to keep themselves abreast with the latest fashion and style statements. Consequently, the retailers functioning in the UK supermarket are concentrating rapidly on products which provide them value for money. The option of finding a variety of products within one-roof in a supermarket has also been a major draw for the consumers which in turn facilitate them meet their needs and desires (Defra, 2006). Moreover, certain pertinent social factors such as birth rates, household income, gender and religion among others have affected the retail giants like Tesco, Sainsbury’s, Asda and Morrisons in the UK supermarket. In relation to augmented birth rates, it can be ascertained that retailers like Tesco have started to increasingly focus on keeping an assortment of c hildren toys related products to open up a new target market for the company. Moreover, in the global operations companies such as Tesco need to operate keeping in consideration the religious contexts while offering products and preparing their advertisements so that the sentiments of the people in a foreign country do not get hurt. It can in turn affect their sales and profitability. Similarly, social factors such as gender and household income have also been taken into consideration by the retail companies while preparing their product assortment as products in varied price range have been a key consideration to attract consumers’ of different income range. (Tesco Plc, 2012). Sainsbury’

Writing a Marketing Strategic plan for the Light bulb Essay

Writing a Marketing Strategic plan for the Light bulb - Essay Example According to them these bulbs are capable to produce light which is equivalent to 40 watt incandescent bulbs. Even though this light is with lesser consumption of power, the led bulb manufacturing companies in North America are in a hurry to find solutions to reduce the heat emitting from every led bulbs during their lighting process. If such bulbs are made available in the market, their expected price will be nearly $60. But reputed bulb manufacturing firms have proposal to reduce the price of such bulbs and make them available at price $30 or $20 if their product gets movement in the market.( Alex, Wilson,May.2010) Apart from reducing the price of their products all reputed firms intention is to introduce sophisticated technologies in the manufacturing process and develop an image in the minds of consumers. The light business in North America is highly competitive. Hence the strategies should be in such a way to cope up with the prevailing competition in the global market. No business men can fool the customers for a fairly long time. Hence the products launching in the market must be able to secure confidence from the side of customers. The confidence of customers has some key roles regarding the good movement of the launching products. Hence, once they could gain confidence from the customers, they need not turn back afterwards. Thus the resources introducing must be able to develop confidence among the customers. Nowadays the customers have tendencies to go beyond products which are environmental friendly.( Alex, Wilson May.2010) Thus in the case of bulb business people prefer economic bulbs which can emit negligible quantity of heat. Certain other bulb contains mercury and during the lighting process of these bulbs mercury vapors will be spreading in the atmosphere. Since mercury v apors are toxic the customers will not welcome such bulbs since they are not environmental friendly. Hence

Affirmative Action Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Affirmative Action Policies - Essay Example Only in the late decades of the last century the federal government and the Supreme Court, Republicans and Democrats, and various human rights organizations implemented systematic approach to resolve the problem of discrimination in employment and education, but the results were usually inconsiderable. Racial conflicts and discrimination persisted as well as attempts to eliminate them. In the second half of the 20th century the latter were labeled as 'affirmative action' policies. The origins of these policies dates back to 1961, when President John F. Kennedy issued Executive Order number 10925 proclaiming the 'affirmative action' policy the central axis of the US employment and educational policies. The Civil Rights Act became the next step toward elimination of discrimination in the United States. After its approval in 1964, the necessity emerged to change a number of traditional policies and official procedures, such as seniority status and aptitude tests, which included discriminatory provisions. In 1965 President Lyndon Johnson signed his Executive Order number 11246 stating that all government contractors and subcontractors were obliged "to take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin". The order was immediately followed by a series of lawsuits that supported the policy of affirmative action. Thus, the Supreme Court ruling in Griggs vs. Duke Power Company case invalidated i ntelligence tests and several other discriminating criteria in employment. The newly created governmental institutions, the Office of Federal Contract, had to implement the order (Encyclopedia Americana, 1985: 241). The contemporary meaning of the term 'affirmative action' has not changed over years. The initial purpose of affirmative action also remained unchanged: elimination of racial, sexual, ethnic, disability, or any other discrimination. In 1996, President William Clinton defined affirmative action as "an effort to develop a systematic approach to open the doors of educational, employment, and business development opportunities to qualified individuals who happen to be members of groups that have experienced long-standing and persistent discrimination" (Clinton, 1996: 131). In the recent years the affirmative programs has become one of the most widely discussed domestic issues in the United States. A number of analysts tend to consider the affirmative action policy a very effective tool that significantly reduced discrimination against non-white and female population of the United States. However, there is also an opinion that the affirmative efforts have been nothing but a great illusion from the very beginning: the positive results were made up to justify huge sums of money spent on implementation of affirmative programs. Although both standpoints have seemingly strong arguments, it will be closer to the truth to state that affirmative action policies largely failed. Main Discussion First of all, there are credible data that demonstrates the increase in well-being of some representatives of racial minorities was achieved not at the expense of the white majority, but at the expense of other representatives of the same minority: "The civil rights movement, anti-discrimination

Childrens literature for the multicultural classroom Essay

Childrens literature for the multicultural classroom - Essay Example Aesop has been a mystery in the historical world, but much is known about the spread and conversion of his stories. Current literary scholarship has recognised fables as a major genre of Western literature. In the distant past fables went beyond the limitations of the classroom and the kindergarten. Their audiences have included children and adults. Yet fables are still an important genre of children’s literature. Their stories go back, repeatedly, to important events in childhood— acquiring reading and writing skills and learning to follow a moral direction; besides their particular advises or home-grown morals, the fables impart principles of verbal action, concepts of readership, and insights of authorship. This essay talks about Aesop and his fables, as well as his contribution to children’s literature and relevance to the contemporary multicultural classroom. Aesop is believed to have been a creative writer of fables, wherein animals are bestowed with human language and characteristics, for the goal of showing a moral message. He was a well-known storyteller. As other fables were created and brought together, the talent of Aesop became tied to them. Even though several scholars believe that he is only a mythical or imaginary character, the following claims are most frequently recognised as historically factual in the ancient documents referring to Aesop: he was born in Thrace; he became a slave; he was poet Sappho’s contemporary in the 6th century B.C.; and he was well-known as a creator and narrator of tales. Aesop desired to see the Greek city, Delphi, late in his life. After giving his promise to go back to Babylon, he travelled to other cities and gave lectures of his education and knowledge. In Delphi, the people enjoyed hearing his stories in the beginning, but they did not give him anything. After Aesop mocked the citizens of Delphi by saying that they

The Insanity of Being Sane Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Insanity of Being Sane - Essay Example Both of these writers shared the same experiences of being insane, cast out, and maltreated just to unveil and uncover the true situations inside the mental institutions in the nineteenth century and the present time. These two literary books are inspiring and reveal the continuity of how mental institutions have been dealing with the mental patients for centuries. Nellie Bly wrote â€Å"Ten Days in a Mad-house† somewhere in 1887. She was a newspaper reporter tasks to expose the brutality and neglect among the mental patient in the mental institutions. For ten days, Bly involuntarily committed to be lockup to the Blackwell’s Island insane asylum as she is saying that â€Å"My instructions were simply to go on with my work as soon as I felt that I was ready (Bly, N.)†. To be able to be admitted to the insane asylum, she had to check in a women’s boarding facility after which she acted irregularly. This instance ignited the whole plan for Bly to enter the fa cility (Time Staff, 2009). Just like Nellie Bly, Norah Vincent is also a journalist, a brave immersion journalist who lets her self-lockup in the insane facility for ten days. Both of the two writers immersed in an insane facility. However, Bly involuntarily accepted the task being drawn to her while Vincent was required to be confined at the asylum as the author narrated â€Å"On the advice of her psychologist she committed herself to a mental institution† (Vincent N. 2009). Moreover, after ten days, Vincent decided to get out of the asylum with the promised to her self not to get back again, as she said, â€Å"I got home a wreck, and swore that, no matter how bad I felt, I would never willingly go into such a place again, never†. (Vincent N, 2008). Bly was able to convince the authority of the asylum and be confined for ten days was well planned. Bly, at first, fabricated to be mildly insane and begin the whole process by convincing her roommates as well as the owner by standing the whole night at the wall, talking a lot to never seen people, and doing strange things. The things she does were found out to be sufficient to be in front of the judge and as expected, recommended to stay inside the asylum where she had manifested the arbitrary and the vindictive rules in the asylum (Bly N. (2009). On the Contrary, Vincent was able to enter the asylum because she was diagnosed to have a mental illness that started way back ten years ago. Vincent’s depression was developed to be a sickness until she had never any choice but to enter the asylum. Nevertheless, she battled her own problems and made it a way to discover and continue her pilgrim in writing and exposing what life she had gone through inside the asylum â€Å"As her treatment and her symptoms improve, Vincent warms up to the idea that â€Å"the bin† might not be all bad, and she softens in her critique† (Vincent, N. 2008). The way she helps her self in battling her misfor tunes have gone through the process of knowing her self, realizing where she was in, grasping the feelings about her situation, and how she can help her self to be out of the asylum, as Vincent states â€Å"I spent four lost, interminable days in lockup that first time in the bin, getting worse, weeping at the sealed windows, yelping for rescue through the pay phone in the soul-destroying dayroom.

REFLECTION ON TRANSITION ACTIVITIES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

REFLECTION ON TRANSITION ACTIVITIES - Essay Example The program aims to improve lifestyle of diabetic patients and learn the various perspectives on the management of diabetes more effectively. In this regard, the essay aims to proffer my personal reflection on the specific transition activity focusing on diabetic management. In the process, an examination of the learning modules would provide ample information on areas where evidence contradicts reality. As such, the discourse would reveal how the transition activities have contributed towards the honing of personal and professional skills. An assessment of these skills through the transition activity would enable me to gauge specific areas which need to be improved and enhanced. Finally, the reflection would reveal specific scenarios to support the contentions in the essay. The diabetes management program at Lakeside Medical Center clearly outlined the following learning objectives, to wit: classification of Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Therapy, Management of Newly Diagnosed, and the Science of Nutrition, among others. I attended four (4) sessions specifically detailed as follows: The first session was learning about â€Å"What is Diabetes (exploring diabetes, lifestyle, etc.). The second session focused on carbohydrates (CARB) awareness including the amount and types of carbohydrates. The third session detailed reading and understanding food labels. Finally, the fourth session discussed possible short term and long term complications of diabetes and understanding medication and health profile. From the modules, I learned that nursing care for diabetes encompasses a combination of glucose monitoring, specialized diet, regular exercise and proper medications. Since diabetes is considered a chronic illness, patients diagnosed with the disease must be made aware that the responsibility and accountability of daily management of one’s illness is the patient himself. The

Cry Baby Ink Essay Example for Free

Cry Baby Ink Essay Have you ever had that deja-vu feeling before? Well at Cry Baby’s Ink a tattoo shop in Eugene, Oregon it is very different from other tattoo parlors because of its overall atmosphere to customer service quality to its artist work quality. You get that deja-vu feeling at Cry Baby’s, because it’s homely. When you walk in the door at Cry Baby’s Ink you notice something different about this from other tattoo parlors†¦the walls are painted very bright neon green and there are racks of clothing which is different from your average tattoo shop. Not to mention Cry Baby’s is a very large tattoo shop as well with lots of pictures of tattoos that their artists have done covering the walls. At Cry Baby’s you are welcomed with â€Å"Welcome to Cry Baby Ink!† and a smile; Not like other places where you feeling like you are bothering the artists and the other employees, but you feel comfortable. Along with that, employees are pretty outgoing as well. You can tell these people like coming to work every day, they are also willing to answer any questions you may have to their knowledge and if they don’t have an answer for you; they will get manager or even the owner to answer your question. You can tell they pride themselves on being helpful, welcoming and assuring. After speaking with employees about some tattoo ideas or an idea you already have, they’ll personally recommend an artist that they think would do the best job or they give you the option to look at an artist’s tattoo book and you can look through and through their thousands of drawings and tattoos they have done over the years. Many of the artists have over 10 years of tattooing experience and have done thousands of tattoos and are covered in them as well. Once you have chosen an artist to do your tattoo, they’ll sit you down and ask if you’ve ever gotten one, and if so then you’ll lie down or sit in a position where you’ re getting your tattoo done on. As a side note, one thing many tattoo artists like to do while tattooing a customer; they talk and get to know who they’re tattooing, The process of getting a tattoo can take as little as 20 minutes or up to a number of hours. So you’ll have quite the time getting to know your artist; you’ll discover that they aren’t your typical tattoo artists. They are young and they’re pretty outgoing as well. Some cool and unique things Cry Baby’s does is a customer appreciation day once every couple of months to show appreciation to customers! On this day they do $30 dollar tattoos, give out donuts in the morning and pizza in the afternoon all day long. They also post coupons on Facebook for you to redeem in the store for a discount on t-shirts, hoodies, backpacks†¦.etc. They do also a number of different things on a lot of holidays; On Halloween, they dress up in costumes and give candy out to the kids who come and stop by. In October they do $25-45 dollars off a tattoo that has to do something with breast cancer. Cry Baby Ink is a One-of-a-kind tattoo parlor that doesn’t follow your stereotypical tattoo parlor atmosphere; they’re putting a huge emphasis on overall atmosphere, customer service quality, artist work quality. They want their customers to be happy and wanting to come back. They don’t want you leaving as a Cry Baby!

Literature Review on the Employer-Employee Relationship

Literature Review on the Employer-Employee Relationship BACKGROUND The Employer-Employee relations is no doubt an enormous topic in Human Resource Management that covers key areas of Employment relationship, Collective Bargaining, performance and reward management also Employee involvement which help to determine the nature of organisational commitment and performance. The employment relationship aspect deals with the role and influence of law which determines the rights and responsibilities/rules that govern the behaviour of both employer and employee which has an impact on how relationship works out. However in recent years newer concept have emerged in Human Resource Management that has considerable changed relationship that was formally dependent upon interaction of formal legal regulations.(Beardwell and Claydon 2007) Collective bargaining is a situation where representatives of both parties come together to negotiate on matters relating to pay, terms of employment and working conditions, in recent years there has been a shift from the traditional collective bargain to a more individualised method of bargaining.(Henderson 2008). Performance and reward management relates to the use of individualised pay, performance-related pay and performance management. This factors determines behaviour in terms of motivation, communication and level of commitment.(Beardwell and Claydon 2007) Employee involvement is a form of employer-employee relations that allows more participation of the employee in organisational decisions, this is when employees can influence decisions that are normally reserved for management(Marchington and Wilkinson 2008). Employee relations is characterised by both conflict and cooperation, Marchington and Wilkinson (2008) described the management of employee relations as being vital to the success or failure of an organisation and it is seen as central to Human resource management. (Dawson 1995)acknowledged that the achievement of organisational objectives depends upon employment relations, evidence from (Limerick 1992)suggests that individual empowering should be consistent in the event of strategic change. Considering the competitive nature of industries and technological advancement, the importance of employer-employee relationship becomes more critical, reason being that to meet constant changing needs of consumers, effective human resource management becomes very crucial in achieving business success. I am an MBA (General Management) Student and I am interested in this topic because as a future General Manager/business owner I want to have a better understanding on the effective ways developing positive employee relations, also to have an idea of the factors that motivates employees, how strategic objectives can be achieved through effective communication with employees? I am basing my research on a multinational company. The greatest asset of an organisation is considered to be the Human Resource and the greatest challenge of an organisation is how to manage these human resources efficiently and effectively so as to achieve set objectives of the organisation, my research objective will be to stress the importance of employer-employee relations, because in the UK the relationship is considered to be an employee to do a particular job in return for wage or salaries for the work they do and this goes beyond mere work for pay. PRELIMINARY REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE For the purpose of this research, my focus will be on the impact of employer-employee relations on key areas of Collective bargaining, performance and reward management which places emphasis on motivation and various reward systems, also emphasis will be placed on employee involvement and participation in the context of organisational commitment, all these variables constitute to the achievement of organisational objectives. The literature review will be divided into four parts A brief history and Definition Theoretical and Empirical literature Benefits of mutual employer-employee relations Employer-employee relations within the UK including Ford A brief history In the early 70s the relationship between employers and employees in work place was more of a collective relationship which involves collective bargaining where representatives of both employer and employees meet to negotiate on matters relating to pay, terms of employment and working conditions, representatives of employees are known as trade union(Henderson 2008). Organisations were encouraged to recognise and work with trade unions so as to improve the employment rights of workers through collective bargaining(Marchington and Wilkinson 2005). However, in the early 1990s, countries like UK where trade unionism were highly recognised witnessed a significant decline in trade unionism, employee relations changed from the traditional collective method of bargain to a more individualised method as a result of increase in sophisticated HRM style initiative in communication, participation and recognition(Henderson 2008) (Edwards 2003) described the relationship between employer and employee as a system where both parties have common and divergent interest, this is a situation where employer and employee communicate their requirement and views to one another in terms of agreement on work related issues. Theoretical literature (Newell and Scarbrough 2002) posed different dimension on how organisations handle issues of employee relation and on this basis four management style have been suggested: Sophisticated human relations: employees are viewed as the most valuable resource of the organisation, emphasis employees appraisal and extensive method of communication aimed at enhancing employee loyalty and commitment. Trade unionism is discouraged. Many US companies adopt this style. Consultative approach: this is similar to the first approach only those trade unions are recognised. This style is mostly found in the European countries such as Germany Traditional style: employees are seen as a mere factor of production, it represents the Taylors management approach. Unions are opposed. Constitutional style: this is similar to the traditional style only that unions are recognised and accepted. It limitation above theory is that different management styles can be used in the same organisation for example the sophisticated human relations style can be used when managing managers while the traditional style when managing other employee(Newell and Scarbrough 2002). Considering theories that relate to performance and reward management, motivation theories like the Maslows hierarchy of need, his theory identifies five levels of needs. Level 1- physiological needs like food, water and comfort. The organisation provides financial reward. Level 2-safety needs: the organisation provides this by benefits. Level 3- social needs: the organisation satisfies employees social need through social gathering. Level 4-esteem needs: the organisation helps to satisfy employee esteem needs by showing employees appreciation of work done. Level 5:self-actualisation needs: deal with self needs, discovering individuals full potential(Beardwell and Claydon 2007). Researchers have often criticised this theory following the proportion that there is no clear relationship between needs and behaviour. Alternatively Alderfers ERG theory suggested that needs could be classified into three instead of Maslows five; these types of needs are existence, relatedness and growth. He rzberg identified two factors based on his research namely motivators and hygiene factor(Beardwell and Claydon 2007).Several other theories of motivation will be examined in my dissertation. Besides motivation, modern theory in employee participation known as employee engagement was defined by CIPD 2007 as the combination of commitment to the organisation and its values that goes beyond job satisfaction and motivation. This can be linked to psychological contract which will be later discussed extensively, but this has to do with a stronger emotional attachment between employer and employee that helps in attracting and retaining employees(Henderson 2008) The concept of soft model HRM throws light to the positive attitude created from the use of appropriate HRM practices together with communication, motivation and leadership enhances commitment to the organisation and improved performance (Guest 2002). while the Hard HRM model emphasizes on the effective utilization of employees, ensuring that HRM strategy are driven by overall corporate strategy(Keenan 2005). Empirical literature In a research carried out by (Edgar and Alan 2005) they stated that effective HRM policies and practices should be measured by their perceived quality, not simply by the number of practices introduced. Another important issue raised by (Mac Mahon 1996) is that, even in small firms where the need for improved productivity is very important, reward systems was rarely tied to productivity and performance, and also conflict between employer and employee tend to be rare rather conflict was apparent on a personal level. (Savolainen 2000)also linked employer-employee relations with the aspect of leadership and suggested three development strategies: 1)Trust building or participative strategy, 2)The entrepreneurial cooperative strategy, 3)Negotiative strategy. Findings also revealed how organisation change or move towards a new workplace and the role of line managers. Another research suggest that the effective communication of information and ideas to employees should be developed through practice and commitment, findings also revealed that organisation should assess current culture to desired objectives and as a result new attitude often needs to be acquired by both employer and employees(Owusu 1999). In the work of (Dawson 1995) evidence suggest that human resource strategy has shifted focus of job design to career development, skill development which enhanced employee involvement. From my findings I have discovered that most research on areas of employee relations have focused more on the impact of HRM practices on employee performance, however few researchers have worked on employee relations and how it affects organisational commitment and performance, the justification for this research is to shed more light on the impact of this relationship and how it can be improved to enhance organisational performance. I have decided to look at a car manufacturing company (Ford motor company). Benefits The mutual relationship between both parties increases motivation which in turn leads to increase productivity and profit maximization. Estenson (1999) describes employer-employee relations as a key ingredient in the implementation of quality improvement(Savolainen 2000). Furthermore, (Sadri and Lees 2001)said a positive relationship between both parties could lead to a competitive advantage over other firms in the industry and also provide enormous benefits to the organisation. Employee Relations within the UK and Ford Motor Company In the early 1990, the Workplace Industrial Relation Survey reported a decline in trade unionism in the UK, which was replaced by employee involvement in form of line managers who were responsible for HR activities(Henderson 2008). Thus some empirical research in Britain confirmed a key role of line manager in handling human resource activities notable in areas of employee relations(Redman and Wilkinson 2006). Finding of Hamill pointed out that a lower percentage of US owned plant in the UK recognized unions also that US owned company were more likely to have implemented individualized pay(Eric and Jonathan 1995). Ford is the biggest selling motor company in the UK with several large plants located in the UK. Ford Britain and its dealers employ around 35, 000 people in areas of product development, manufacturing, sales and marketing and service departments. However in recent times Ford launched a diversity strategy which has helped to them embrace the new employee relations in Employee engagement(FORD MOTORS COMPANY 2009). RESEARCH QUESTIONS The following question and objectives are based on findings from the background and literature review. Should employers embrace employee involvement and participation? Does mutual relations between employer and employee lead to organisational commitment? What is the relationship between organisational commitment and organisational success? Apart from pay, how else should employers reward performance? Should employees be involved in setting organisational objectives? RESEARCH OBJECTIVES To critically analyse how positive employer-employee relationship can impact on organisational success. To critically evaluate the benefits of employee involvement in setting organisational goals and objectives. To critically analyse how different management style can impact on employee behaviour in terms of motivation and commitment. To critically evaluate the relationship between employer and employee in Ford Motors company and how it affects their performance. To recommend ways of improving employer-employee relations to achieve higher productivity and profit maximization. RESEACH PLAN Research perspective According to (Jewell 2008)states that the positivist approach is based on the experiment and desire to establish causality between variables. However the positivism aspect of this research is to establish a relationship between employer-employee relations and the achievement of organisational objectives. There are two variables namely dependent and independent variables, the independent variable here is the employer-employee relation and the dependent variable is the achievement of organisational objectives. Both quantitative and qualitative research will be done through primary (from questionnaires) and secondary data. Both deductive and inductive reasoning will be used. Research Design My research design will be a case study design which entails an extensive analysis of a single case. This would be an analysis of Ford Motor Company. Data collection Method Data will be collected in dept from different sources; I will use two different sources of data collection methods: Secondary and Questionnaire. Secondary Data: This will be collected from existing sources such as textbooks, articles, internet, and journals. Access to these Data will be done through the universitys online databases such as Science Direct, Emerald and the Internet; this will address the first three research objectives. However secondary data will limit to fully address the fourth objective that is why primary data will used. Questionnaire The fourth and fifth objectives of this research is to seek information from mostly employees of Ford Motor Company on how they are being treated by employers and how it affects their performance, this will be best achieved by a the use questionnaire. Questionnaires will be distributed to over 300 people and I expect a rate of return of 30-40 %. My questionnaire will be brief so as to achieve this. However access to respondents will be achieved through a family friend in London whose friend is an employee in fords manufacturing plant in Dagenham, London. I have contacted him and he has decided to help with the distribution of the questionnaire bureaucracy Sample A Quota sampling method will be employed for my questionnaires because I wont be able to send questionnaires to all the employees of Ford, so the study will be based on a small percentage of employees mainly in the engineering department of the company and my findings will then be generalized. Analysis of Data For the questionnaire I will use excel to present a descriptive and presentational analysis for data collected. The level of analysis will be more bivariate which will allow me analyse two variables together. Limitations The first limitation will be the generalisabilty of my research because it is a single case study and I will focus on a small percentage of a large population of Ford employees in the UK. The second limitation will be the validity of my research work; I will make sure I go through the literature of my study frequently so as to guard against data not relevant to my research. The third limitation will be the response rate and collection of questionnaires; in order to keep the response rate high like 40% more questionnaires will be distributed. Concerning reliability to the research, I will try to ensure that a result of the research is replicable in future. Another limitation might be that employee might be reluctant to disclose some information about their employers which might affect the reliability of the research. Ethical Considerations Research ethics I have read and understood the BES ethics students handbook, and i will comply with the BES ethical guidelines and complete the ethics compliance and checklist forms. All documents regarding ethical approval will be submitted. Results from surveys will be kept confidential and safe. In addition I will seek approval of my questions for my questionnaire from my supervisor, also the reason and intended result for the research will be explained in front of the questionnaire. Plagiarism As for plagiarism, I understand what it means and the consequences, I will make sure I cite and acknowledge the work of others. REFERENCES Anon. (FORD MOTORS COMPANY 2009) Ford Motors Company [online] [NOV. 11, 2008] Beardwell, J. and Claydon, T. (2007) Human Resource Mnangement: A Contemporary Approach. Essex: Pearson Education Limited Dawson, P. (1995) Redefining Human Resources Management: Work Restructuring and Employee Relations at Mobil Adelaide Refinery. International journal of Manpower 16, (5/6) 47-55 EDGAR, F. and ALAN, G. (2005) Human Resource Management Practice and Employee Attitude: Different Measures- Different Results. PERSONAL REVIEW 34, (5) 534-549 Edwards, P. (2003) The Employement Relationship in the Field of Industrial Relations: Theory and Practice in Britain. Oxford: Blakwell Eric, L. and Jonathan, M. (1995) Multinational Corporation and Employee Relations. Glamorgan Business School, Glamorgan: MCB University Press Guest, D. (2002) Human Resource Management, Corporate Performance and Employee Well Being:Building the Worker in Human Resource Management. Industrial Relations 44, (3) HENDERSON, L. (2008) Human Resource Management for Mba Students. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel Development Jewell, S. (2008) How to Write a Research Proposal. Coventry Keenan, T. (2005) Human Resource Management. Edinburg: Edinburg Business School Limerick, D. (1992) The Shape of the New Organisation: Implication of Human Resource Management. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources 30, (1) Mac Mahon, J. (1996) Employee Relations in Small Firms in Ireland: An Exploratory Study of Small Manufacturing Firms. Employee relations 18, (5) Marchington, M. and Wilkinson, A. (2005) Human Resource Management at Work. london: Chartered Institute of Personnel Development Marchington, M. and Wilkinson, A. (2008) Human Resource Management at Work. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel Development Newell, H. and Scarbrough, H. (2002) Hrm in Context: A Case Study Approach. New York: Palgrave Owusu, Y. (1999) Importance of Employee Involvement in World Class Agile Management Systems. International journal of Agile Management systems (1/2) 107-118 Redman, T. and Wilkinson, A. (2006) Contemporary Human Resource Management. Pearson Education Sadri, G. and Lees, B. (2001) Developing Corporate Culture as a Competitive Advantage. Journal of management Development 20, (10) 853-859 Savolainen, T. (2000) Towards a New Workplace Culture:Development Strategies for Employer-Employee Relations. Journal of Workplace Learning 12, (8) 318-326

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Cloud Computing

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Cloud Computing In this essay Im going to talk about the structures, types, uses and some of the most famous service providers of Cloud Computing. . Furthermore I will discuss what I understood about this technology what it actually means and provides. Lastly I will discuss how ethical and technological risks associated with Cloud Computing. The first element I will talk about is the technological advantages and disadvantages for a company using a Cloud Computing. This is an important part in essay. Cloud computing is the new trend in IT. It refers to the technology used to access different services over the internet. By using different services through the internet means that the data will be stored on servers, rather than individual drives. Cloud computing allows people to access their files from anywhere, despite of the computer they are using. Cloud computing has made an important impact on the way we store and run applications. It also has made it easier for teams to collaborate, and communicate across the borders. Although it sounds very good, but there are also some disadvantages of cloud computing. Cloud computing became a viable business model because certain companies like Amazon had assembled enormous amount of servers and resources to handle their customers demands during peak seasons. This entire IT infrastructure wasnt used efficiently for the rest of the year. Therefore, they decided to rent out their resources to the public. This way the public is able to use computing resources over the internet, any time of the day, and from any place in the world. The third party service provider is responsible for linking the users with the type and amount of IT resources they need, for their document management, and backup storage. There are three types of cloud computing. The first one is known as infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), in which the servers and the software are fully outsourced, and are billed based on the usage of resource. The second type of cloud computing is platform-as-a-service (PaaS), in which the service provider facilitates the use of different applications. The last type of cloud is known as software-as-a-service (SaaS), in which the user doesnt need to install the software, and can access it over the internet. Famous cloud service providers include Amazon, Google, Zoho, and Salesforce. There are four types of ways in which a cloud can be structured. The first type is the public cloud, in which the services are available through the internet from third party sources. The second type of cloud is the community cloud, in which many organizations realize that theyve got similar needs and requirements, and hence, should share the infrastructure. An example of a community cloud is Googles Gov cloud, in which the services are specifically modified for the public sector agencies. The third type of structure is the private cloud, in which the business buys, and maintains the software, so that its employees could centrally store the date, and collaborate efficiently. The last type of structure is the hybrid cloud, in which a combination of public and private clouds is used. The advantage of such a structure is that it makes it easier to archive and back up the data on the public cloud. There are numerous advantages of cloud computing. Firstly, cloud computing lowers computer costs. As the services are provided over the internet, and theres no need to install any software, the desktop PC doesnt need to be powerful processing powers. Along with the hardware requirements, it also reduces software costs. Most of the cloud computing services are free. For example, Google docs can be used for free, instead of paying for the Microsoft Office suite. The software is also up-to-date in cloud computing, and there are no format compatibility issues. Perhaps the biggest advantage of cloud computing is that there is unlimited storage capacity. Users of clouds dont need to worry about backing up their data, because even if their computer crashes, they will be able to access it again from another computer. Furthermore, cloud computing allows users to access their data from anywhere. Another advantage of cloud computing is that it makes it easier for groups to collaborate their files. Multiple users can edit a document at the same time, and have discussions over the internet. With cloud computing, organizations can truly run a business without borders. They wont be restricted to a specific location as all their data is available on the internet. Lastly, cloud computing gives device independence; there is no need to download specific software to view the file, or a specific network to access the files. With cloud computing, the user interface and the software remains the same regardless of the network, or location. (Miller, 2009) Along with the numerous advantages, there are some disadvantages of cloud computing. Firstly, cloud computing is dependent on the internet. If the internet connection is down, then the whole cloud doesnt work. It requires a constant internet connection; otherwise a user may not be able to access own files. The same is the case with low internet speeds. Furthermore, even if there is a good internet connection, cloud computing may be slow. As the files need to be accessed on the internet, the back and forth communication between the computer and the cloud may be slow to respond because it is busy handling other users. Another disadvantage of cloud computing is that the features that they offer are limited. For example, Zoho Presentations, another cloud service provider, dont have the same features as of Microsofts PowerPoint. Lastly, the data on the cloud is as secure as the cloud itself. What would happen if the cloud crashes? Can other users gain unauthorized access? If the cloud cra shes, the data might go missing unless its backed up on multiple servers. (Miller, 2009) As cloud computing is relatively new, and has grown at a significant pace, its ethical and technological implications need to be discussed so as to understand the risks associated with it. Firstly, companies will need to realize that they are sharing their data with another business, which is a huge risk itself. It will be sharing the information of its users with the cloud. Companies will need to define how much access does the cloud have over the data, and has it encrypted so that it is safe from unauthorized access. Furthermore, the security measures should be reviewed before selecting a cloud service provider. To provide assurance to the users, cloud service providers should have a level of transparency in their operations. Another issue is of the privacy of the customers. With the data being shared with the third party, it can use the data for all kind of purposes. Along with the security and privacy issues, another concern is the availability and performance of clouds. The cloud community still needs to define the acceptable level of performance of their applications. A third risk with cloud computing is that of integration. If a business chooses a cloud service provider, it should make sure that it can be fully integrated into the business processes for consistency, and efficiency. Furthermore, the business will also need to address the operational challenges that arrive during the IT replacement period. There is also a bankruptcy risk of the cloud service provider. Once the third party has the data, it can lockout the business and refuse to let it access its files. The biggest risk with cloud computing is that the service provider becomes a partner in the business, which makes it difficult to end the relationship. Businesses and individuals will need to do a background check on the cloud service provider before deciding on him. Another technological risk with cloud computing is that the third party controls the data. For example, Amazon deletes already purchased books from Kindle without the users permission. Another example would be that when the user gives a request to delete a file, the cloud service provider doesnt delete the file. Instead, he keeps the file for his own usage. The only way to deal with these risks is to conduct a background check on the cloud service provider. Furthermore, the security measures of the cloud service provider should be checked. The growing trend in cloud computing raised a number of issues regarding the best way to use this technology. A document was therefore created called the open cloud manifesto. The cloud computing manifesto is a document that describes a core set of principles for cloud service providers. It was formed to gather the worldwide cloud community on a single core set of rules, which are flexibility, and freedom of choice. They believe that the open cloud gives users choice, flexibility, speed and agility. There are four key advantages of cloud computing. Firstly, cloud computing allows organizations to scale their hardware and software on demand. When an organization faces change, computing needs increase significantly. With cloud computing, the organization is able to expand it IT resources to handle peak times. Another feature of cloud computing is that it allows organizations to streamline their data centre by backing up their documents over the internet. Thirdly, cloud computing improves business processes by providing an existing infrastructure. Lastly, the most important key feature of cloud computing is that it reduces start up costs. As all the infrastructure is already in place, no investment is needed to build a data centre to backup your data. Although cloud computing has many advantages, there are many security and reliability related issues that still need to be answered. As it is still in its initial stages, there is a lot of room for improvement. To increase its usage in the IT industry, cloud service providers will need to address some major issues like security, application interoperability, application and data portability, and governance. Theyll also need to come up with consistent variables so as to monitor and measure the performance of cloud applications. With big companies like HP, Dell, IBM, and Fujitsu reaping the benefits of cloud computing, it seems that in the future more and more data will be stored on clouds rather than on individual drives. Furthermore, many small businesses are also benefiting from cloud computing because of its low cost.

Chickens Essay examples -- Factory Farming, Arsenic, Pasturing

As a kid you grow up learning new things, you ask questions and you hope that in return you get answers. A question that is often asked is ‘what came first, the chicken or the egg, or how is our food made?’ Many people find answers for things that they don’t know about, but what one doesn’t know might be better for them. What I can tell you is how chickens are raised and the many different ways that they are brought up. What I cant tell you is what came first, the chicken or the egg. I can tell you the difference from a chicken that was brought up in a factory farm from a chicken that was brought up in your back yard. There is a big difference from a factory chicken from a back yard chicken, such as the type of food they are fed, or their living space. Chickens are fed foods that have chemicals in them that can get into the human body. They are also tortured when they are brought up in factories because the chickens are kept in cages where there for four of them will be stuffed into one cage. Chickens are clipped on their feet and beaks so that when they are in a stressful situation they will not peck at the other chickens when they are all in the same cage. Chickens are carried from one factory to another in a truck where over half of the chickens die. The government call these facilities Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations or CAFO’s. The (EPA) otherwise known as the Environmental Protection Agency defines a CAFO as the â€Å"new and existing operations which stable or confine and feed or maintain for a total of 45 days or more in any 12-month period more than the number of animals specified† in categories that they list out. Also there will be no grass or other vegetation in the confined areas. Factory farming mainly began a... ...es and fats. Pasturing is also a cost-effective and healthy way to raise chickens. It is both good for the environment and the chicken itself. Chickens that are brought up on a farm have a better life and their meat is healthier for the consumer. If you go out and buy chicken from a store, you have no idea what kind of process that meat has been through or what has been added to it. You could be eating something that could get you very sick or even kill you. Factories should have law and those laws should state that artificial growth is illegal and not healthy for our food. If every person in the world took a step back and realized how our everyday food effects our lives or the environment around us we might find better ways to make a profit. So the next time you go to ask a question about where something comes from, you might want to think twice about it.

Casablanca and Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) :: Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 Essays

Casablanca and Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984)      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How can a hero survive in a world gone mad?   Both Casablanca, the classic 1940s film, and 1984, a piece of classic literature by George Orwell, revolve around a world in chaos, where it is impossible to trust anyone, and a war wages on within and without.   In 1984, the protagonist, Winston, hides from a totalitarian, thought controlling government, that is out to stomp out all aggression against the Party.   In Casablanca, the lead character, Rick, dealt with a world rocked by the impacts of World War II, where everyone was a spy, and even the spies were spied on.   Both wish for hope and courage in their mutually exclusive worlds, yet only Rick finds hope in his.   Winston dies with utter hopelessness, where no one will ever know of his life or deeds, yet he dies a hero.   Rick is a cynic, tossed into a chaotic yet romantic world, and comes forth victorious.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Casablanca, we emerge with a feeling of hope, and joy, that the forces of good can win, and that eventually we will triumph over our enemies, wherever or whatever they may be.   While slochky and romantic, Casablanca is a touching movie, and probably one of the best ever made.   1984 on the other hand, is a deep psychological thriller.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     In the world of utter thought-control, we find that even a strong hero such as Winston, is struck down by the party, for simply being alive, and that the virtuosity within humanity will eventually be overcome by our greed and lust.   Their struggles are that of man against the oppressor.   Both 1984 and Casablanca deal with a world gone mad, and the struggles of not-so-ordinary people.   Oftentimes, parallels can be made between characters in the two.   Renault can be compared with O'Brien, because both are 'double agents' in their own ways, and one never knows for which side they work for.   Of course, in the end O'Brien is an agent of the Party, and Renault is a sympathetic Frenchman, who befriends Rick - Louis, this is the beginning of a beautiful friendship.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sam of course, is stability.   He can't be bought or sold, and is seemingly a constant, always there and never too deep into the problems of the world.   Sam represents the carefree aspect in all of us, the feeling that we'd just as soon turn our attention away from the war and hum a tune.

Macbeths Images and Imagery :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Macbeth's Imagery      Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeare in the tragedy Macbeth very skillfully uses imagery to support other aspects of the drama, especially the theme. In this essay let us examine the imagery, including literary critical comment.    Roger Warren comments in Shakespeare Survey 30 , regarding Trervor Nunn's direction of Macbeth at Stratford-upon-Avon in 1974-75, on opposing imagery used to support the opposing notions of purity and black magic:    Much of the approach and detail was carried over, particularly the clash between religious purity and black magic. Purity was embodied by Duncan, very infirm (in 1974 he was blind), dressed in white and accompanied by church organ music, set against the black magic of the witches, who even chanted 'Double, double to the Dies Irae. (283)    L.C. Knights in the essay "Macbeth" explains the supporting role which imagery plays in Macbeth's descent into darkness:    To listen to the witches, it is suggested, is like eating "the insane root, That takes the reason prisoner" (I.iii.84-5); for Macbeth, in the moment of temptation, "function," or intellectual activity, is "smother'd in surmise"; and everywhere the imagery of darkness suggests not only the absence or withdrawal of light but - "light thickens" - the presence of something positively oppressive and impeding.   (101)    In Fools of Time: Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy, Northrop Frye shows how the playwright uses imagery to reinforce the theme:    This theme is at its clearest where we are most in sympathy with the nemesis. Thus at the end of Macbeth, after the proclamation "the time is free," and of promises to make reparations of Macbeth's tyranny "Which would be planted newly with the time," there will be a renewal not only of time but of the whole rhythm of nature symbolized by the word "measure," which includes both the music of the spheres and the dispensing of human justice [. . .]. (94-95)    In his book, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, H. S. Wilson interprets the imagery of Macbeth:    Macbeth is a play in which the poetic atmosphere is very important; so important, indeed, that some recent commentators give the impression that this atmosphere, as created by the imagery of the play, is its determining quality. For those who pay most attention to these powerful atmospheric suggestions, this is doubtless true. Mr. Kenneth Muir, in his introduction to the play

A Novel About The Absence Of A Nurturing Parent Essay

‘Frankenstein’ was written by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley in 1816, after a frightful and horrific nightmare of a man conceiving outside the womb. Shelley had been staying with her husband and Lord Byron on the banks of Lake Geneva. She used the influences of her own personal experiences, Milton’s ‘Paradise Lost’, Luigi Galvanni’s electrical experiments and the nightmare which occurred only a few nights before. I think that her experiences of losing her mother and having a negligent father were fundamental in developing the core of the story. When the novel was first published in 1818, it was the first example of Gothic fiction. It also got mixed reviews as society at the time was extremely religious however, the Age Of Enlightenment was just coming to an end and so science was also highly important. ‘Frankenstein’ is a novel about a scientist, determined to push back the boundaries of what is humanly possible, blinded by a hubristic desire for human omnipotence. Victor Frankenstein, the protagonist, artificially creates being by reanimating lifeless body parts. The being is then rejected by his creator and society, resulting in disastrous consequences including the death of Victor’s closest friends and family. ‘Frankenstein’ is definitely a novel about the absence of a nurturing parent and the effects which it can cause. I believe that it is a parent’s responsibility and duty to love and care for their child, making sure to raise them sufficiently. Parents should teach their children morals and should set a good example for them to follow. However, in the novel, none of this is observed as Victor abandons his creation almost immediately and only serves to be an awful role model to his child. On numerous occasions, he calls the creation, ‘wretched thing’, ‘demoniacal being’ and ‘monster’. This is due to the fact that Victor never gives his creation a name which is a basic responsibility of a parent as without a name, a person lacks identity. This is the foundation of all the monster’s crimes and the mayhem he created as the monster says, ‘misery made me a fiend, make me happy, and I shall be virtuous’. This suggests that due to Victor’s absence and the disregard he had for his creation, the creation was miserable and wreaked havoc. In chapter five, Victor animates his creation. Immediately after the monster awakes, Shelley utilises a horrifying lexis to create a semantic field of horror thus giving the readers the image of a truly disgusting being. Shelley writes, ‘I beheld the wretch-the miserable monster whom I had created’ and, ‘his shrivelled complexion and straight back lips’. These give a sense of the disgust which Victor straight away has for his creation and creates pathos for the monster as we see that even his father does not love or respect him. Also in this chapter, Victor says, ‘his arm stretched out seemingly to detain me’. Victor sees this as an act of aggression however, it is most likely a sign to connote the being’s need and love for his creator. In chapter ten, Victor faces up to his monster however, his feelings and the perspective in which he views his creation have not altered as he ‘trembled with rage and horror’ and was ready to engage in ‘mortal combat’. He also describes his monster as, ‘unearthly ugly’, ‘too horrible for human eyes’, ‘devil’ and ‘vile insect’. The monster however reacts in an extremely mature fashion, and in a more reasonable and rational approach than Victor himself. The monster says, ‘be calm, I entreat you to hear me, before you give vent to your hatred on my devoted head’. This shows the harsh and enormously diverse duality between the monster and Victor. However, the monster is acting like the mature and reasonable parent in this situation and Victor is acting like the immature and selfish child who isn’t getting his way and therefore has to throw a tantrum. This constant rejection by his creator creates severe pathos for the monster as we feel sorry for his misfortune and the fact that he is unloved. In chapter seventeen, the monster asks his father to create a female companion for him as he sees this as an opportunity to escape from the hatred and rejection which he faces from society. Shelley’s lexis creates pathos by writing the monster as portraying himself as lonely and desperate. He sees the prospect of a companion ‘as hideous as [himself]’ to be a way to mitigate the contempt shown towards him. In chapter twenty-four, Victor dies on Captain Walton’s ship in the Arctic. Shelley writes the monster mourning over his creator’s death. He takes full responsibility for his Victor’s demise, saying, ‘this is also my victim’. He is saddened and livid with himself for his actions, saying, ‘I, the miserable and the abandoned, am an abortion, to be spurned and, and kicked, and trampled on’. This shows that the monster loved Victor even though Victor never felt the same way. This shows that the monster has good inside him and always had the potential to be good however, the absence of his father and the lack of any form of nurturing parent. Pathos is created here as the monster wants forgiveness for the death of Victor and all his other misdeeds. Shelley uses a broad variety of lexis in her novel to create pathos for example, Victor calls the monster ‘devil’, ‘vile insect’, ‘wretched thing’ and ‘demoniacal being’. Some of these words are religious which is a recurring theme throughout the novel. Shelley contrasts the pro and antagonists, especially during belligerent scenes by portraying the monster as a calm, relaxed and modest being whereas Victor is a haughty, out-spoken and agitated. This is shown through numerous exclamation marks during Victor’s dialogue and often the mention of the phrase, ‘be calm’ during the monster’s. This shows the monster’s superior maturity and wisdom which is also shown through the contrast in sentence structure of each character’s discourse. Victor uses short, sharp sentences whereas the monster’s vocabulary is extremely fluent, articulate and expressive. I believe that ‘Frankenstein’ is indeed a novel about the absence of a nurturing parent. Although it confronts many other issues for example: the consequences of the lack of a maternal figure, reciprocity and also the penalties of man rivalling God, the fact that the monster had no real parents to raise him sufficiently, is the most prominent theme of the novel and the main reason of all of his transgressions.

Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid Essay

The legendary and controversial taradiddle behind dyke Cassidy and his partner, the Sundance fry, goes posterior to the time of the American iodintime(a) West. This time period was marked by exploration and peoples clamber with cultural conflicts, eco nary(prenominal)ic growth or falls, and handstal as good as physical drama. devil Longabaugh (the Sundance kid) flagitious machineeer started prior to his joining the out of work Bunch. On February 27, 1887, magic spell travelling from confederation Dakotas Black Hills sand to the ranch, evoked N bar N, where he worked at as a cowboy.Twenty days old Harry Longabaugh passed through a ranch called the Three V gap. While passing through this ranch, which was have by a group of English investors, young Longabaugh stole a gray horse (branded J on its shoulder), a gun, and a saddle. He continued his move to N bar N bandage the Three V Ranchs employees were looking for a young hu patch race that is smooth-faced and h as grey eyes. After unfortunate deuce weeks of searching, with information disposed from genius of the Three V Ranch employees, Harry Longabaugh was ar fill-ined by the James Ryan, Sherriff of Sundance, Wyoming.A a few(prenominal) months later, bandage heading as a prisoner west to Rapid City, South Dakota, Longabaugh slipped from his handcuffs and jumped of the moving look at while the sheriff was in the bathroom. After coming back to Wyoming with no luck of relocating his lackd prisoner, Sheriff Ryan offered a $250 for Longabaugh. In a non so smart move, Longabaugh returned to N bar N and was soon caught by the Sheriffs Deputy. He arrested and was sentenced to 18 months in jail. During the time he spent in jail, Harry Longabaugh was given his new nickname, by which he is cognise today the Sundance tike.A few days later, late in high-flown 1891, dam Cassidy, that was considered as the worst man in four statesUtah, Colorado, Idaho, and Wyoming. (The chapiter stigmatise ,pg. 20), followed his future partners path to prison. While dike Cassidy was staying at a place called Mail campground, Billy Nutcher, a part of the motherfucker Bliss inner circle, rode in trailing trio saddle horses. He put his horses at a lower place care and joined a person named Burnaugh and his guests, including Butch Cassidy.Butch was interested in Nutchers business, as well as his horses, and a discussion closely a sale soon followed. After a short discussion, a deal was struck, and Cassidy became the proprietor of trine horses. The problem was that not a part of attention was pay to the paperwork. Ranchers in the area started to notice that their horses were disappearing, and soon observed that Cassidy and one of his associates in the horse relations business were stealing the animals. After one of the ranchers served a complaint and an investigation started.With the law custody on their tail, Cassidy and his associate hided in a ranch, solely if were discove red shortly in that locationafter. They were taken into durance for a few months before overtaking into trail, and were then found discredited. After a few months they were brought a few propagation in front of a articulate with new evidence. At the end, Cassidy was found guilty and sentenced to prison. Not long after his passing from prison, Butch Cassidy started to gather some of his felon friends. One of its first recruits was the Sundance Kid. This new make group was later cognise as the celebrated Wild Bunch.The story of Butch Cassidy (real name, Robert LeRoy Parker) and the Sundance Kid as partners in crime is in accompaniment became well known by the American westbound inject, directed by George Roy Hill and indite by William Goldman, carrying the name of the both- Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. The characterisation features the two as two friends who try to be as booming as they can be as robbers while escaping the law. The main cliffhanger of the movi e is that the two believe they are being chased by a lawman that was paid to kill them.Consequently, the both escape to Bolivia while being accompanied by the Sundance Kids girlfriend Etta, and become productive savings bank robbers known as Los Bandidos Yanquis. At some point they do descryk to expire the straight life, but merging lawmen that recognize them and start a shootout. The film ends at a freeze tack together nip of the two charging out of a building while participating in a shootout, which they started, after believing they cut the man who was paid to kill them.Although the film is based loosely on fact and has holes in it, it prorates the to the highest degree famous train robbery that was conducted by the Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, aboard their gang the robbery of the Union Pacific overland flyer train confining Wilcox, Wyoming. In the first robbery, which probably accrued a few years earlier, was in(predicate). gibe to a newspaper, Pacific trai n no. 8 was held by a bandits at about 1 oclock at august 21. The robbery was successful (for the bandits), and luckily no one was distress (the Atlanta Constitution, pg. ).In the assist robbery, unlike the first one that goes well, Butch Cassidy uses to more than dynamite and blowing up the baggage car. While the gang, which consisted of nine members, (as reported by one of the gang members to the Washington can) was desperately trying to gather up their cash, lawmen arrive to the scene and a famous and massive man hunt begins. The gang scatters Besides the film, there are many more records of that day. One of them is an eyewitness who was genuinely a mail clerk works on the Union Pacific railroad track.His name was Robert Lawson and he recounted his experience in the June 8, 1899 subject area of the Buffalo Bulletin, a newspaper that operates blush today. As soon as we came to a standstill, Conductor Storey went forward to see what was the matter and saw several men wit h guns, one of whom shouted that they were going to blow up the train with dynamite following(a) close behind the shooting came a terrific explosion, and one of the doors was completely wrack and most of the car windows broken.The bandits then menace to blow up the whole car if we didnt get out, so Bruce gave the news show and we jumped down, and were immediately lined up and searched for weaponsThe men all wore masks reaching below their necks and of the three I observed, one looked to be sextette foot tall, the others being about familiar sized men. The leader appeared to be about 50 years old and radius with a squeaky voice, pitched precise high. (Robert Lawson, the Buffalo Bulletin) Two years after robbing the Union Pacific Railroad , Butch Cassidy, the Sundance Kid, and Ethel Etta Place (the Sundance Kids girlfriend), fled to New York City and from there they gone(a) to Buenos Aires, genus Argentina, aboard the British steamer Herminius. at that place they settled toget her on a 15,000-acre that they purchased on the east bank of the Rio Blanco (west-central Argentina).On February 14, 1905, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid robbed a bank in Rio Gallegos (the capital and largest settlement of the Patagonian commonwealth of Santa Cruz in Argentina) and escaped with the largest amount of money that they will ever manage to escape with. After that massive bank robbery, they sell their ranch because lawmen were beginning to suspect them. They fled northeastward aboard the steamer Condor across Nahuel Huapi Lake and into Chile.A year later, Etta would leave with the Sundance Kid back to the United States and Cassidy would become a mineworker in the Santa Vera Cruz range of the central Bolivian Andes. Later on, the Sundance Kid reunited with Cassidy and they worked together at the Concordia Tin Mine. The cause for Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kids deaths are less known and still remain a mystery. The most accepted system for their deaths todays is t hat they died at a shootout at Bolivia.Another theory about the cause for their death is only about Butch Cassidy, which says that he was shot died at Chiloe, where he operated a successful ranch for five years. Never the less, those theories did not stop people from believing that there is a chance that the two men who were killed by the authorities in Bolivia were not Butch Cassidy and the Sundance kid. Some say that the practice of law made a mistake, and that the real Butch Cassidy and the Sundance kid returned to the US and lived there for the rest of their lives.Some say that Butch Cassidy died peacefully Paraguay, Chiloe, or even at Spokane, Washington in 1935. Among those claimers this is even Cassidys sister, who claimed that Cassidy came for a visit in the fall of 1925. intromit your pick. There are a lot of Butch Cassidy tales in this part of Argentina because he spent so much time here. Many descendants of those who knew Cassidy live in Bariloche or in the nearby count ryside, and the local museum exhibits photos and documents relating to the North American Bandits.